Opening plenary at Bonn Climate Change Conference in 2013. Photo credit: Sébastien Duyck via Flickr
Overall political progress on the road to COP29 remains slow. There is significant work ahead that must now intensify to ensure that COP29 delivers against its 3 core tasks:
- Above all, agree on a new post-2025 climate finance goal that builds confidence that finance will flow to developing countries to drive new fossil-free, climate-resilient, biodiversity supportive development models that are aligned with the 1.5°C limit.
- Inject momentum into the next generation of national climate transition and resilience plans, with COP29 marking the beginning of the official deadline for countries to submit new NDCs (9-12 months ahead of COP30).
- Finally, guide countries on how to follow-up and deliver on the outcome of the first Global Stocktake (GST) and other COP28 decisions across adaptation, loss and damage, mitigation, finance and just transition to ensure UNFCCC processes help steer countries towards realizing the vision of the GST.
The extent to which negotiations and events in Bonn enable delivery of these outcomes at COP29 can be measured through the benchmarks proposed in this briefing.
The UNFCCC June SBs is also an opportunity to raise key questions to the Azerbaijan COP29 Presidency and the COP Troika on their plans for moving towards an ambitious COP29 package, including through escalating COP29 priorities into leaders-level engagement:
- What is their plan for building bridges between developed and developing countries around a shared vision for the NCQG, including driving political dialogue towards landing zones?
- How are they encouraging countries to deliver their next generation NDCs? Where is the diplomatic outreach to build a coalition of first movers by COP29, including leading by example with their own 1.5°C-aligned NDCs?
- How are they engaging fossil fuel producers in delivering on the decision to transition away from fossil fuels, including translating COP28’s sectoral goals into NDCs?
- How they plan to integrate biodiversity and climate action ahead of CBD COP16 and UNFCCC COP29, including through aligned national planning processes; the inclusion of the GST goal to end deforestation by 2030 in NDCs; and meeting the CBD Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF) public finance target for $20 billion by 2025?
